chapter+food

Unit 1- Food and Nutrition
 * Chapter 1 - Food **

Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins or minerals. The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells in an effort to produce energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.

Some of the foods we eat are made from animals and others are made from plants. Beef and chicken are made from animals. We also eat food that animals make, such as eggs and milk. Vegetables and fruit are plant foods.
 * From where do living things obtain food? **

Plants also make food - for example, fruit is produced (made) by plants. Plant and animal foods are also used to make other foods, such as bread and cheese.
 * How we get food from animals **

Some foods are made from animals, such as: Other foods we eat are made by animals, such as eggs and milk.
 * **Meats** - beef, lamb and chicken
 * **Organs** - heart, liver and brain.
 * Cheese is also an animal food **

Cheese is made from milk, so it is also an animal food. Other foods made from animal foods include butter and yoghurt.
 * How we get food from plants **

Fruit is one of the many foods we get from plants. Other parts of plants we use for food include:
 * **Leaves and stems** - celery, lettuce, silver beet
 * **Roots** - potatoes, carrots, beetroot
 * **Seeds** - wheat, rice, legumes, ground nuts (peanuts), tree nuts (walnuts, almonds).
 * Activity 1: Identify the food items given in following images and list out them in three different columns as Fruits, Vegetables and Food from animals.**
 * Cakes are made mainly from plant food**

Cakes are made from flour. Flour is made from wheat, which is a seed made by plants. Other foods made from wheat include: Cakes, biscuits and bread can also contain animal fat. Food variety means eating a wide variety of foods from within and across each of the five food groups, in the amounts recommended. Eating many different foods helps maintain a healthy and interesting diet that provides adequate nutrition. Eating a variety of foods can help prevent diseases such as diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease.
 * Bread
 * Pastry
 * Pasta
 * Noodles.
 * We need variety of food **
 * Five major food groups **

It is important that you eat a balanced diet with foods from each of the five major food groups. Choosing a variety of foods within and across food groups is also important. Each food group contains at least one nutrient (called the ‘characterizing’ nutrient) for which it makes a particularly rich contribution to the total diet. For example, the milk group is known as a rich source of protein, calcium and riboflavin.

In each food group, different foods provide more of some nutrients than others. If you eat a variety of foods from each group, you will probably get all the nutrients provided by the foods in that group. For example, some vegetables contain vitamin C (capsicums), while others (asparagus and spinach) are high in foliate. Most of the variety in your foods should come from plant foods (fruits, vegetables and grains).

Choosing a variety of foods within each group will also help to make your meals interesting, so you don’t get bored with your diet. The major food groups are:
 * Fruit
 * Vegetables, legumes
 * Lean meat, fish, poultry, eggs, nuts, legumes
 * Bread, cereals, rice, pasta, noodles
 * Milk, yoghurt, cheese.
 * Things to remember **
 * Animal foods include meat, eggs and milk.
 * Cheese and yoghurt are made from milk, which is an animal food.
 * Plant foods include vegetables, fruit, wheat and rice.

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